- Pay attention to the difficulty of missions you are pursuing (they are ranked by difficulty from very low - grey color - to very high - red color - ). The risk are directly related to your character level.
- Check the are of the map you are in. The map is split into zones (smaller and larger) like Watson, Pacifica, Heywood etc (zoom the map far out enough to see the area borders and names). Each of them have a level range for NPC combatants. You can check the related risk levels by checking the risk levels of missions in those areas. If there are high risk mission in the gneral area you are in, it's safe to assume any combatants in that area - inside or outside of missions - are higher level than you and vice-versa for low risk.
- Pay attention to your gear and stats. Change weapons and armor as often as feasibly possible and/or use crafting mods (you can tell if you are undergeared by the random drops you get - weapons will have higher dps than what you have equipped, even if their rarity is below what you have equipped. Same with armor)
- Perks, will require some planning, but i found there's significant room for error here. A well planned perk build will have you quite overpowered. Pick one or two weapon types and focus on improving their respective perk trees.
- Cyberware - same as perks. I recommend the armorskin cyberware.
- Take your time to level up, gear up and settle into a build. Rushing through the main story and areas will be more challenging otherwise.
I found the game too be more punishing (but very manageable) in the beginning but rather easy mid to late. Played it on hard.